What helps with ceftriaxone injections, indications and contraindications
The product may be in the form of a yellow or white powder. The components include ceftriaxone, which is classified as a cephalosporin. The medication can be used for intravenous administration; the container contains 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 g of the active ingredient. The product is considered a unique antibacterial drug; it is active against gram-positive and gram-negative substances.
The instructions indicate the following indications for the use of Ceftriaxone:
- inflammatory processes in the peritoneum, angiocholitis, concentration of purulent processes in the area of the gallbladder,
- respiratory diseases - bronchitis, abscess, pneumonia, pleurisy with accumulation of pus,
- damage to bones, joints, soft tissues and skin, urination,
- infection of damaged blood vessels,
- sepsis, viral septicemia, meningitis,
- syphilis, chancroid, tick-borne borreliosis,
- salmonellosis, mild gonorrhea, typhoid fever.
The drug is used as a preventive measure to prevent the occurrence of re-infections after surgery, after treatment with weak immunity.
Ceftriaxone is contraindicated in patients:
- with an allergy to the composition of the medication,
- for prematurely born babies with hyperbilirubinemia,
- liver or kidney failure,
- enteritis, colitis.
The medicine is not used during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
How to dilute Ceftriaxone with Lidocaine and water
To dilute 1 g of Ceftriaxone with 2% Lidocaine and water you need:
- Open an ampoule containing 2 ml of water for injection and draw the contents into a 5 ml syringe.
- Open the ampoule with 2 ml of 2% Lidocaine and add the solution to the same syringe.
- Remove the protective cap from Ceftriaxone and pierce the rubber cap with a needle.
- Inject the entire contents of the syringe into the bottle.
- Shake the mixture of antibiotic and solvent vigorously until the solution becomes completely clear (the needle and syringe do not detach).
Then you should fill the syringe with the entire solution or the required amount, change the needle and inject into the buttock muscle (upper outer quadrant). It is best to prepare Ceftriaxone with Lidocaine and water for one injection, but it happens that only half of the prepared solution is used. Then the remainder in the bottle is placed in the refrigerator.
Watch the video on how to dilute Ceftritaxone:
Side effect of Ceftriaxone injections
Unusual reactions of the body are reflected in:
- eosinophilia, fever,
- rashes on the skin, severe scabies,
- clinical picture similar to urticaria and edema,
- exudative erythema multiforme,
- anaphylactic shock,
- dizziness and pain in the head,
- oliguria, flatulence, stomatitis,
- gag reflex and nausea, glossitis,
- dysbacteriosis, pseudomembranous enterocolitis,
- leukocytosis, hematuria, unexpected nosebleeds.
Laboratory testing reveals a decrease in the number of white blood cells, lymphocytes, platelets, and so on. During injections, inflammatory processes on the internal surfaces of the vessel, pain, etc. can be noted.
The drug affects liver activity criteria and urea content. The drug can cause the development of hyperbilirubinemia and glucosuria. Intramuscular injections cause pain in the muscles, rashes on the skin, and dizziness.
Is it better to dilute Ceftriaxone with Novocaine or Lidocaine?
It is better to dilute Ceftriaxone with Lidocaine than Novocaine, this is explained by the properties of the second painkiller:
- reduces the effectiveness of the antibiotic;
- acts weaker;
- Lidocaine more often causes allergic reactions, including the immediate type - angioedema.
If you are intolerant to Lidocaine and need to use intramuscular injections, the doctor may allow dilution of the antibiotic with 4 ml of a 0.5% solution of Novocaine.
In such cases, a preliminary test is required. It is carried out with 0.5 ml of a ready-made mixture of Ceftriaxone with an anesthetic. This amount is injected under the skin of the forearm and then the reaction is assessed hourly. Novocaine can also be used in the treatment of animals.
It is strictly forbidden to change the solvent yourself; it is especially dangerous to use solutions with calcium (for example, Ringer), as insoluble salts are formed. You cannot inject Ceftriaxone at the same time (in the same syringe) with other antibiotics.
Instructions for Ceftriaxone injections
Ceftriaxone injections, according to the instructions for use, adults are prescribed the following dosage:
- for children over 12 years of age and adults – from 1 to 2 g per day, once or half the dose with an interval of 12 hours,
- in the presence of severe disease - up to 4 g per day,
- for the treatment of gonorrhea - intramuscular single injection of 250 mg of the drug,
- for the purpose of prophylaxis before surgery - 1-2 g of the drug half an hour to three hours before surgery,
- prescribed to children two weeks old - once a day, for each kg of weight from 20 to 50 mg.
For children weighing over 50 kg, a dosage similar to adults is recommended. Otherwise, the dose is calculated based on body weight - from 20 to 75 mg per kg per day.
The dosage, which requires the use of Ceftriaxone in large volumes (more than 50 mg), is prescribed in the form of a dropper. Treatment is carried out for half an hour or more. Therapy for viral meningitis begins with a dose of 100 mg per kg per day. Once the pathogen and its susceptibility to the antibiotic have been established, the treatment program can be revised downward.
The duration of treatment is interconnected with the type of pathogenic microflora and the distinctive features of symptoms. With gram-negative harmful substances, the effect can be achieved in four days, and in the case of combating enterobacteria - in 14 days.
The medication is diluted with a 1-2% mixture of Lidocaine or a special liquid for injections. Ceftriaxone instructions for use of injections : the last alternative is used for patients with an allergy to the anesthetic. In other situations, preference is given to mixtures containing Lidocaine or Novocaine due to painful injections and discomfort.
The antibiotic is produced exclusively for parenteral use, and the product is simply not available in the form of tablets and suspensions. The difficulty lies in the reaction of body tissues to the composition of the ingredients.
Ceftriaxone injections
How to dilute 2 lidocaine to 1 percent
Lidocaine is used to dilute the antibiotic Ceftriaxone at a concentration of 1%, but such a percentage of the solution is rarely available in pharmacies, so you can dilute 2% to 1%; for this, take 2 ml of water for injection for 2 ml of 2% Lidocaine.
The instructions for the drug indicate that the volume of the solvent should be 3.5 ml, and if you dilute a 2% solution, you will end up with 4 ml. This difference (0.5 ml) does not affect the treatment process in any way. A slightly larger volume is even better, since Ceftriaxone is quite difficult to dissolve.
Lidocaine Water for injections
Is it possible to inject without Lidocaine?
Ceftriaxone can be injected without Lidocaine in the following cases:
- intolerance (allergy);
- contraindications to painkillers: liver disease, circulatory failure, heart block, old age, pregnancy, lactation;
- intravenous injections and drips (Lidocaine is prohibited as it can cause heart rhythm disturbances).
For dilution then only water for injection is used in an amount of 4 ml (2 ampoules). Antibiotic injections into the buttock without pain relief are very painful.
Ceftriaxone analogs
Replacement therapy is carried out using the following medications:
- Ifitsef;
- Loraxone;
- Medakson;
- Thorocef;
- Hizon;
- Cefaxon;
- Cephogram;
- Tsefson;
- Ceftriabol.
The doctor replaces the medicine. Concomitant use of the drug with other antimicrobial agents is not permitted due to the risk of unexpected bleeding. A similar effect can be observed when combined with anticoagulants. Treatment with loop diuretics can cause kidney damage.
According to the instructions for use in adults, intramuscular ceftriaxone should be used with caution. Violation of the dosage can lead to a high degree of central nervous system excitation and a febrile state.
Where to store lidocaine for dilution
Lidocaine ampoules for dilution of 1% or 2% concentration are stored in a place protected from light at room temperature (from 15 to 25 degrees). Exactly the same conditions are needed for vials of Ceftriaxone and water for injection.
We recommend reading the article about the combined use of Azithromycin and Ceftriaxone. From it you will learn about which antibiotic is stronger, the compatibility of drugs, and for what diseases they can be combined. And here is more information about the rules for using Ciprofloxacin and Ceftriaxone.
Ceftriaxone should be diluted with a 1% lidocaine solution or diluted with a 2% solution of water for injection. This helps reduce the pain of injections in the buttock. For intravenous administration, only water or saline solution and glucose are used.
Doctors' opinions on drug compatibility
Doctors using Ceftriaxone with Lidocaine have noted that allergic reactions rarely occur. Novocaine intolerance is more common, and it can be in the form of rapidly developing swelling of the face, neck, and deterioration in breathing, which requires urgent resuscitation measures. Therefore, when diluting an antibiotic, which itself provokes allergies, it is better to use Lidocaine.
If you are prone to intolerance to any medications or diseases with an allergic component (for example, bronchial asthma, seasonal rhinitis), a skin test before starting treatment is strictly required.
We recommend reading about Ceftriaxone for cats. From the article you will learn when Ceftriaxone is prescribed for cats, how to properly dose and inject a cat, as well as how much to inject the drug and its analogues. And here is more information about how to properly treat dogs with Ceftriaxone.
Ceftriaxone is diluted with 0.5% Novocaine in case of individual sensitivity to Lidocaine, manifested in allergic reactions. Novocaine solution is also used in the treatment of animals, contraindications to lidocaine. Skin tests are required before the first injection.
Possible complications
If Novocaine is well tolerated (no allergy), it rarely causes complications. Possible side effects in isolated cases:
- headache;
- dizziness;
- fainting;
- convulsions;
- hand trembling;
- weakness in the legs;
- numbness of the tongue and lips;
- worsening breathing;
- noise in ears;
- blurred vision;
- vomiting, nausea;
- blood pressure surges;
- interruptions in heart rhythm;
- itchy skin;
- rashes;
- sweating
Nausea
