Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
Pharmacodynamics
It has an antispasmodic effect, which is explained by the presence of tropane alkaloids - atropine and hyoscyamine . Inhibits the action of acetylcholine , reduces the secretion of glands (salivary, gastric, lacrimal, bronchial, sweat). When applied rectally, it reduces the tone of the gastrointestinal tract muscles and pain, eliminates the increased tone of the gallbladder and bile ducts. Belladonna alkaloids dilate the pupils and increase intraocular pressure, but these phenomena are not pronounced when administered rectally.
Pharmacokinetics
Not studied.
Pharmacology and drug features
Belladonna suppositories are a natural extract of active substances containing: belladonna leaf extract, atropine, phenol.
Promotes:
Rectal suppositories
- decreased intestinal tone;
- relaxation of the walls of the smooth muscles of the uterine cavity;
- decreased production of gastric and bronchial glands;
- providing a bronchodilator, analgesic effect;
- relieving inflammation, colic in the biliary and urinary tracts, gastrointestinal tract;
- improvement of bile excretion.
Reference!
The drug quickly helps with hemorrhoids, stops infections, weakens the sphincter (smooth muscle muscles), facilitates defecation, eliminates congestion, resolves hemorrhoids, and heals microcracks in the anus. The pharmacodynamics of the drug consists of the effect of propane alkaloids on the body and the neurogenic effect of atropine, an antispasmodic to suppress the functioning of the glands. The bioactive component - belladonna leads to a loss of susceptibility of cholinergic receptors to the mediator of the parasympathetic nervous system.
As a result:
- the conduction of excitability along muscle fibers is delayed;
- the tone of the smooth muscles of the gallbladder and gastrointestinal tract is removed;
- pain is reduced;
- blood circulation in the intestines and pelvis is normalized;
- the secretion of sweat, lacrimal, salivary glands of gastric juice and pancreatic enzymes decreases;
- intestinal peristalsis relaxes.
However, despite providing a local anti-inflammatory effect, suppositories can negatively affect healthy internal systems and organs, so they should not be used thoughtlessly. Suppositories also have a number of limitations. The dosage and duration of the course should be agreed upon with a proctologist before carrying out therapy.
Contraindications
- angle-closure glaucoma or suspected glaucoma;
- prostatic hypertrophy;
- intestinal atony and atonic constipation ;
- ulcerative colitis in the acute stage;
- intestinal obstruction;
- severe atherosclerosis ;
- cardiac decompensation;
- hypersensitivity.
Use with caution in case of hypertension; long-term use is not recommended for diaphragmatic hernia , cholelithiasis , reflux esophagitis and nephrolithiasis .
Proper use of candles
Suppositories are used exclusively rectally, mainly at night.
Before insertion into the anus you should:
How to insert a candle correctly
- empty your bowels, give an enema or take a laxative if necessary;
- wash your hands with soap;
- wash the anus area, wipe with a napkin;
- lie on your side, tuck your legs toward your stomach;
- lift your buttock with one hand;
- slowly insert the candle with the rounded end forward, holding the candle with two fingers through the napkin;
- lie down for up to 0.5 hours, waiting for complete dissolution.
To obtain a quick therapeutic effect, it is worth introducing the suppository as deeply as possible. The dosage per day is 15 mg, but it can be increased to 40 mg. The average course of treatment is 5-7 days. After a short break, you can repeat and increase the dosage, taking into account the stage of development of the underlying disease and the existing symptoms.
It is not recommended to increase the dosage or administer suppositories more than 3 times a day in order to achieve the maximum therapeutic effect. Possible side effects. An excess of belladonna extract will simply be washed out. There is no point in using candles. The therapeutic effect is unlikely to be enhanced.
Reference! Belladonna extract is considered a plant poison. Can lead to depression of the central nervous system and paralysis of the respiratory center. For medicinal purposes, to reduce inflammation in hemorrhoidal veins, provide an analyzing effect and relieve spasm of the rectal sphincter, it is permissible to use only in reasonable therapeutic doses.
Belladonna extract, instructions for use (Method and dosage)
Belladonna extract suppositories are administered rectally 2-3 times a day. You can use 10 candles during the day.
A thick belladonna extract is included not only in suppositories, but also in tablet preparations - these are the well-known Belalgin , Bekarbon , Bellastesin , Besalol . Belladonna extract tablets with sodium bicarbonate ( Becarbon ) are used for intestinal colic , gastritis with high acidity , heartburn , dyspepsia 30-40 minutes before meals, 1 tablet. 2-3 times a day.
In combination with phenylsalilate (drug Besalol ) it is used as an antispasmodic and antidiarrheal drug, 1 tablet 2-3 times a day. The combination with benzocaine and sodium bicarbonate (drug Bellastesin ) has an antispasmodic, pronounced analgesic and antacid effect. These tablets are indicated for gastric , biliary , and intestinal colic .
For the treatment of vegetative-vascular disorders, the drugs Belloid , Bellaspon , Bellataminal . The complex drug Bellazon is used for Parkinson's disease and parkinsonism that occurs against the background of encephalitis or atherosclerosis .
Side effects
The active components in the composition of the suppository with belladonna begin to actively block cholinergic receptors as they enter the intestinal lumen and the body, increasing the bleeding of cracks in hemorrhoids in the rectum. Sometimes, instead of being beneficial, suppositories can cause harm to the body and lead to unwanted contradictory reactions.
Main side effects:
Worrying symptoms
- insomnia;
- overexcitement;
- apathy;
- migraine;
- absent-mindedness;
- dizziness;
- decreased visual acuity;
- tachycardia;
- loss of appetite;
- increased salivation;
- thirst, dry mouth;
- dilated pupils;
- bleeding;
- pain in the stomach;
- violation of potency;
- suppression of lactation.
Reference! The medication reduces the speed of the psychomotor reaction, so during the period of therapy you should avoid working with equipment that requires increased attention or driving a car.
Interaction
Belladonna weakens the effect of cisapride and reduces the effect of m-cholinomimetics .
Potentiates the arrhythmogenic effect of cardiac glycosides and clonidine .
Enhances the effect of barbiturates , antihistamines , adrenergic agonists and tranquilizers .
Enhances the m-anticholinergic effects of tricyclic antidepressants (dry mouth, urinary retention, tachycardia, constipation).
Severe tachycardia is possible when taken together with drugs that increase the heart rate.
When drinking alcohol, inhibition of the central nervous system is observed.
Indications for use
Suppositories are prescribed for the treatment of many pathologies caused by the inflammatory process:
In what cases is it used?
- diseases of the genitourinary system (urethritis cystitis) to relieve spasms and make you feel better;
- hemorrhoids (acute, chronic) for cracks in the anus for the purpose of healing cracks in the anus, relieving itching, burning, swelling, pain and inflammation, resolving hemorrhoids, facilitating the act of defecation, providing analgesic and antiseptic effects;
- pathologies of the biliary tract (stones in the gallbladder ducts, renal colic) to relieve symptoms;
- diseases of the respiratory system (bronchial asthma, obstructive bronchitis), exerting a therapeutic effect on the bronchioles, ensuring dilation of the bronchi and facilitating breathing;
- gastrointestinal diseases (hypersecretory gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, pancreatitis) to reduce discomfort, relax smooth muscles, normalize blood circulation and metabolic processes, relieve inflammation;
- eye diseases to relieve inflammation, spasm of the retinal arteries;
- cardiovascular diseases (bradycardia) to increase heart rate.
The note! Belladonna suppositories are a laxative. They can be used for poisoning with heavy metal salts, cleansing the intestinal walls of accumulated decay products (waste, toxins), removing them outside. They also suppress inflammation in the prostate gland well, so they are prescribed to men to treat infectious diseases and eliminate the symptoms of prostatitis. However, they have contraindications. You cannot use suppositories if you have oncology or internal chronic diseases.
Belladonna extract during pregnancy
Belladonna preparations in the form of suppositories are used for spasms of the smooth muscles of the uterus, as an anesthetic during childbirth. Gynecologists prescribe suppositories two weeks before childbirth to prepare the cervix, soften it and prevent ruptures. This is considered a generally accepted practice, and even more so if there are indications - an inelastic neck, the presence of scars on it after treatment of erosion, which may prevent dilatation.
Indeed, the drug relaxes the cervical muscles and minimizes the possibility of protracted labor. Its use in later stages is safe, since it will no longer affect the development of the fetus, and local use practically eliminates the systemic effect of the drug. For many women in labor, the drug helps to relax the cervix, but for some it does not work.
The use of belladonna suppositories during early pregnancy can cause a miscarriage. In any case, suppositories can only be prescribed to pregnant women by the attending physician after assessing the risks and expected benefits.
Antihemorrhoidal drugs
Modern medicine is successfully fighting hemorrhoidal syndrome, developing and supplying effective drugs to patients. One of them is Anuzol suppositories - a drug with a complex antispasmodic effect that effectively soothes itching. The drug has a drying, anti-inflammatory and astringent effect, healing wounds and cracks due to irritation of the mucous membrane. Used for hemorrhoidal syndrome. Release form: rectal suppositories.
Reviews of belladonna extract
The most common reviews are about the use of suppositories for hemorrhoids and rectal fissures. Patients note rapid relief and reduction of pain. Gastroenterological patients also often use long-known drugs based on a thick extract of belladonna, which were mentioned above, as antispasmodics for colic, cholecystitis, and peptic ulcers.
The effectiveness of the drug Beloid for vegetative-vascular disorders in children (sympathetic-adrenal paroxysms) is noted. Under its influence, the balance of both parts of the autonomic nervous system is restored. Patients note that sometimes adverse reactions occur in the form of dry mouth and dilated pupils. This mainly concerns the use of the tablet form of the drug. Belladonna preparations should be used with great caution, since increased individual sensitivity is possible. A slight overdose causes dilated pupils, dry mouth, difficulty urinating, and tachycardia.
Belladonna in proctology
Suppositories relieve inflammation, reduce pain and spasms (all these are characteristic symptoms of hemorrhoids). The rectal remedy is used not only for hemorrhoidal disease. It is prescribed for the treatment of anal fissures and for recovery after operations to remove hemorrhoids. This allows you to significantly shorten the rehabilitation period and accelerate tissue healing.
Belladonna extract contains atropine-like alkaloids. These are biologically active substances that can selectively block cholinergic receptors of smooth muscles. The action of belladonna alkaloids causes physiological changes, in particular a decrease in intestinal motility and a decrease in smooth muscle spasm. This achieves a therapeutic effect for hemorrhoids, which consists in reducing spasm and eliminating pain.
Price for belladonna extract, where to buy
You can purchase this drug in pharmacies in Moscow and other Russian cities. Rectal suppositories with belladonna extract are offered for 26-66 rubles.
- Online pharmacies in RussiaRussia
ZdravCity
- Belladonna extract suppositories rectal.
15 mg 10 pcs Nizhpharm OJSC 73 rub. order
Components of Anuzole
Packaging of Anuzol rectal suppositories
The active components of the drug include three natural substances:
- plant component – belladonna dry extract;
- xeroform – bismuth 3-bromophenolate;
- and salt – zinc sulfate.
Belladonna, or belladonna. Medicinal plant of the nightshade family. It has an excellent effect on the gastrointestinal tract, reducing its tone and thereby providing an antispasmodic effect. Belladonna also helps block choline, giving tone to the sphincter, and inhibit acetylcholine, as a stimulant of gastrointestinal tract activity.
