Pyrogenalum
Pyrogenal is a highly active nonspecific immunomodulator with a broad spectrum of action. Pyrogenal causes a whole complex of complex immunological and physiological changes in the body, the main of which are the activation of the reticuloendothelial, hypothalamic-pituitary and fibrinolytic systems.
Pyrogenal has adjuvant, desensitizing and anti-inflammatory properties, increases the general and specific resistance of the body, and affects the thermoregulatory centers of the hypothalamus.
Pyrogenal activates macrophages, enhances phagocytosis, stimulates the production of interleukin - 1 (IL-1), which causes proliferation of a number of body cells (fibroblasts, endothelial cells, hematopoietic cells, etc.), interleukin - 2 (IL-2), necessary to maintain growth lymphocytes (primarily T cells), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), induction of endogenous interferon (IF), production of reactive oxygen species. An increase in the functional activity of phagocytes leads to an increase in the body's antimicrobial resistance and accelerated antibody formation.
Thus, due to the activation of macrophage-monocyte cells and the cytokines they secrete, the functional activity of both the cellular and humoral immune response increases.
In connective tissue, under the influence of pyrogenal, the process of development of fibroblasts and the formation of collagen fibers is suppressed, which leads to rejuvenation of the cellular composition of loose connective tissue, and in nervous tissue - to inhibition of the formation of glial scars. Prevents the formation of new ones and resolves previously formed dense scars and adhesions in places of damage, prevents vascular obliteration, stimulates tissue regeneration and epithelization.
Stimulates the activity of hyaluronidase, improves the fibrinolytic properties of blood, increases the activity of lysosomal enzymes, stimulates the quinine system, increases tissue permeability and accelerates the penetration of drugs into the lesion. Promotes the process of resorption of foci of inflammation and restoration of blood circulation.
Activates the function of the pituitary gland - adrenal cortex system, increases the concentration of hormones in the blood, has an anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect.
Acts on the thermoregulation center, creating a controlled pyrogenic effect.
Pyrogenal, 100 mcg, rectal suppositories, 10 pcs.
Characteristics of drugs.
A mixture of lipopolysaccharide isolated from the bacteria
Salmonella typhi
with a filler.
Pharmaceutical action.
A broad-spectrum immunomodulator that activates the reticuloendothelial, hypothalamic-pituitary and fibrinolytic systems. It has desensitizing and anti-inflammatory properties, increases the general and specific resistance of the body, and affects the thermoregulatory centers of the hypothalamus.
Indications.
Injuries of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system, tuberculosis (torpid form in the resorption phase), chronic liver diseases, strictures of the urethra, ureters, chronic prostatitis, urethritis, uveitis, iridocyclitis, herpetic eye infection, corneal opacities, inflammation of the uterine appendages, infertility, abdominal adhesive disease cavities, burn disease, sexually transmitted diseases, psoriasis and other chronic skin diseases. For pyrotherapy.
Contraindications.
Acute febrile diseases, chronic diseases in the stage of exacerbation and decompensation (with the exception of diseases that are an indication for the drug), blood diseases, pregnancy.
With caution:
diseases of the cardiovascular system, kidneys, diabetes mellitus, decreased seizure threshold, seizures, febrile seizures.
Dosage regimen.
IM,
1 time per day every other day, if necessary, the drug is diluted with 0.9% NaCl solution.
The initial single dose is 0.2 mcg, in subsequent days the dose is gradually increased by 2.5–5 mcg. The maximum single dose is 100 mcg. The full course is 10–30 injections; if necessary, the course can be repeated after 2–3 months. For pyrotherapy - intramuscularly once a day, starting with 5–10 mcg and increasing the dose to 100–150 mcg. Injections are carried out after 1–2 days. Rectally,
1 sup. per day every day or every other day, initial dose - 50 mcg, maximum dose - 200 mcg. The course of treatment is 12–15 supp. The recommended treatment regimen is: 50, 50, 50, 100, 100, 100, 150, 150, 150, 200, 200, 200 mcg. When using suppositories as monotherapy for immunorehabilitation in case of incomplete recovery after an acute bacterial or viral disease, suppositories of 50 or 100 mcg should be used. The course of treatment is 5–10 supp. Simultaneous treatment with suppositories and intramuscular injections is possible.
Side effects.
Hyperthermia (up to 37.5 °C, chills, malaise; rarely - hyperthermia (up to 39.5 °C), severe chills, headache, lower back pain.
Special instructions.
If, with intramuscular administration, hyperthermia, chills, and malaise usually occur within 3–8 hours, then the dosage that caused such a reaction is repeated in the following days (usually 1–3 days) until the reaction stops, after which the dose is successively increased. If hyperthermia up to 39.5 °C, severe chills, headache, and lower back pain occur within 6–8 hours, it is recommended to reduce the dose of the drug. When using the drug for pyrotherapy, the above reactions are acceptable. In the presence of convulsive readiness, the drug is prescribed against the background of anticonvulsant therapy.
Pyrogenal, 25 mcg/ml, solution for intramuscular administration, 1 ml, 10 pcs.
Characteristics of drugs.
A mixture of lipopolysaccharide isolated from the bacteria
Salmonella typhi
with a filler.
Pharmaceutical action.
A broad-spectrum immunomodulator that activates the reticuloendothelial, hypothalamic-pituitary and fibrinolytic systems. It has desensitizing and anti-inflammatory properties, increases the general and specific resistance of the body, and affects the thermoregulatory centers of the hypothalamus.
Indications.
Injuries of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system, tuberculosis (torpid form in the resorption phase), chronic liver diseases, strictures of the urethra, ureters, chronic prostatitis, urethritis, uveitis, iridocyclitis, herpetic eye infection, corneal opacities, inflammation of the uterine appendages, infertility, abdominal adhesive disease cavities, burn disease, sexually transmitted diseases, psoriasis and other chronic skin diseases. For pyrotherapy.
Contraindications.
Acute febrile diseases, chronic diseases in the stage of exacerbation and decompensation (with the exception of diseases that are an indication for the drug), blood diseases, pregnancy.
With caution:
diseases of the cardiovascular system, kidneys, diabetes mellitus, decreased seizure threshold, seizures, febrile seizures.
Dosage regimen.
IM,
1 time per day every other day, if necessary, the drug is diluted with 0.9% NaCl solution.
The initial single dose is 0.2 mcg, in subsequent days the dose is gradually increased by 2.5–5 mcg. The maximum single dose is 100 mcg. The full course is 10–30 injections; if necessary, the course can be repeated after 2–3 months. For pyrotherapy - intramuscularly once a day, starting with 5–10 mcg and increasing the dose to 100–150 mcg. Injections are carried out after 1–2 days. Rectally,
1 sup. per day every day or every other day, initial dose - 50 mcg, maximum dose - 200 mcg. The course of treatment is 12–15 supp. The recommended treatment regimen is: 50, 50, 50, 100, 100, 100, 150, 150, 150, 200, 200, 200 mcg. When using suppositories as monotherapy for immunorehabilitation in case of incomplete recovery after an acute bacterial or viral disease, suppositories of 50 or 100 mcg should be used. The course of treatment is 5–10 supp. Simultaneous treatment with suppositories and intramuscular injections is possible.
Side effects.
Hyperthermia (up to 37.5 °C, chills, malaise; rarely - hyperthermia (up to 39.5 °C), severe chills, headache, lower back pain.
Special instructions.
If, with intramuscular administration, hyperthermia, chills, and malaise usually occur within 3–8 hours, then the dosage that caused such a reaction is repeated in the following days (usually 1–3 days) until the reaction stops, after which the dose is successively increased. If hyperthermia up to 39.5 °C, severe chills, headache, and lower back pain occur within 6–8 hours, it is recommended to reduce the dose of the drug. When using the drug for pyrotherapy, the above reactions are acceptable. In the presence of convulsive readiness, the drug is prescribed against the background of anticonvulsant therapy.
Content
- Characteristics of pyrogenal (amp. 10 µg 1 ml No. 10)
Composition: Per 1 ml lipopolysaccharide isolated from the bacteria Salmonella typhi 10 mcg.
Excipients: phosphate-buffered saline solution (pH 6.
7-7.
3).
Pharmacological Action: Pyrogenal is a highly active nonspecific immunomodulator with a broad spectrum of action.
Pyrogenal causes a whole complex of complex immunological and physiological changes in the body, the main of which are the activation of the reticuloendothelial, hypothalamic-pituitary and fibrinolytic systems.
Pyrogenal has adjuvant, desensitizing and anti-inflammatory properties, increases the general and specific resistance of the body, and affects the thermoregulatory centers of the hypothalamus.
Pyrogenal activates macrophages, enhances phagocytosis, stimulates the production of interleukin-1 (IL-1), which causes proliferation of a number of body cells (fibroblasts, endothelial cells, hematopoietic cells, etc.
), interleukin - 2 (IL-2), necessary to maintain the growth of lymphocytes (primarily T cells), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), induction of endogenous interferon (IF), production of reactive oxygen species.
An increase in the functional activity of phagocytes leads to an increase in the body's antimicrobial resistance and accelerated antibody formation.
Thus, due to the activation of macrophage-monocyte lineage cells and the cytokines they secrete, the functional activity of both the cellular and humoral immune response increases.
In connective tissue, under the influence of pyrogenal, the process of development of fibroblasts and the formation of collagen fibers is suppressed, which leads to rejuvenation of the cellular composition of loose connective tissue, and in nervous tissue - to inhibition of the formation of glial scars.
Prevents the formation of new ones and resolves previously formed dense scars and adhesions in places of damage, prevents vascular obliteration, stimulates tissue regeneration and epithelization.
Stimulates the activity of hyaluronidase, improves the fibrinolytic properties of blood, increases the activity of lysosomal enzymes, stimulates the kinin system, increases tissue permeability and accelerates the penetration of drugs into the lesion.
Promotes the process of resorption of foci of inflammation and restoration of blood circulation.
Activates the function of the pituitary gland - adrenal cortex system, increases the concentration of hormones in the blood, has an anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect.
Acts on the thermoregulation center, creating a controlled pyrogenic effect.
Indications for Use: The drug is intended for nonspecific therapy: - in surgical practice (adhesive disease, post-burn keloid scars and contractures, trauma, vascular diseases, prevention of vascular obliteration, etc.
);— traumatic injuries of the central and peripheral nervous system, spina bifida, cerebral arachnoiditis;— torpid-current form of tuberculosis in the resorption phase;— chronic liver diseases;— strictures of the urethra and ureters, chronic prostatitis and urethritis;— severe eye burns, uveitis, iridocyclitis, herpes virus infection of the eyes, corneal opacities, optic and auditory neuralgia, viral keratitis and conjunctivitis; - inflammatory processes of the uterine appendages, infertility; - adhesive disease of the abdominal cavity; - venereal diseases, psoriasis, etc.
chronic skin diseases; - in cases of increased resistance of microorganisms to chemotherapy and antibiotic therapy.
As a pyrogenic drug, it is used in cases of indication for pyrotherapy (dermatovenereology, narcology, psychiatry).
Method of Administration: Pyrogenal is used intramuscularly 1 time per day.
Injections are given every other day.
If necessary, dilute with 0.9% sodium chloride solution for injection.
The drug cannot be stored in an opened ampoule.
Therapeutic doses of pyrogenal are individual.
The initial single dose for adults is 2.5 mcg.
In subsequent days of injection, the dose is gradually increased by 2.5-5.0 mcg.
The maximum single dose is 100 mcg.
The course of treatment is from 10 to 30 injections depending on the disease.
The initial single dose for children is 0.5-1.5 mcg.
In subsequent days of injection, the dose is gradually increased by 0.5-1.5 mcg or 2.5 mcg, depending on the age of the children.
The maximum single dose is 25-30 mcg.
The course of treatment is from 10 to 15 injections depending on the disease.
If necessary, courses of injections are repeated after 2-3 months.
When prescribing pyrogenal for the purpose of pyrotherapy, the drug is administered intramuscularly once a day, starting with 5-10 mcg, with a gradual increase in the dose to 100-150 mcg.
Injections are carried out after one or two days as prescribed by the doctor.
Interaction: The drug is compatible and goes well with all drugs used in the treatment of these diseases.
Enhances the effectiveness of specific chemotherapeutic drugs in complex therapy.
Side Effects: When the drug is administered, usually no reactions occur.
In some patients, the temperature may rise to 37.5°C, accompanied by mild chills and mild malaise.
This condition can last from 3 to 8 hours.
In this case, the dose that caused such a reaction is repeated in the following days until the reaction to its administration ceases (usually 1-3 injections), after which the dose is successively increased.
In rare cases, individuals may experience severe chills, fever up to 39.5°C, headache, and lower back pain.
These reactions usually last from 6 to 8 hours, after which the temperature drops and the side effects disappear.
In these cases, it is recommended to reduce the dose of the drug.
When using the drug for pyrotherapy, the above reactions are acceptable.
Contraindications: - acute febrile diseases; - chronic diseases in the stage of exacerbation and decompensation, with the exception of diseases that are an indication for the use of pyrogenal; - blood diseases; - pregnancy and lactation.
For people suffering from chronic diseases of the cardiovascular system, kidneys and diabetes, treatment should be carried out under the supervision of a doctor.
In the presence of convulsive readiness or a history of febrile convulsions, the drug is either not prescribed or is administered against the background of anticonvulsant therapy.
Special Instructions: For children under 5 years of age and persons over 60 years of age, the drug should be prescribed in reduced doses and increased only if the drug is well tolerated under medical supervision.
Storage conditions: Cold +5
