Compound
One tablet may contain 250 or 500 mg of active substance.
Auxiliary components: potato starch, anhydrous silicon dioxide in colloidal form, calcium stearate.
The concentration of the active substance in 1 ml of solution is 95.5 mg. 1 ml of the drug contains 8.95 mg of total calcium (Ca2+), which in terms of the theoretical content of calcium gluconate is 100 mg/ml. The solution contains calcium sucrose and water as auxiliary components.
Chemical properties
Sodium Gluconate, what is it? It is a salt formed by gluconic acid and sodium. In order to more accurately understand what it is, consider the formula of Sodium Gluconate. Chemical formula of the substance: NaC6H11O7, racemic formula: HOCH2(CHOH)4COONa. The product is highly soluble in ethyl alcohol and water. It is synthesized in the form of transparent small crystals. Molecular mass of chemical compound = 218.1 grams per mole. The product is obtained by the reaction of alkaline fermentation of cellulose.
Sodium Gluconate is used:
- in the manufacture of industrial alkaline detergent compositions as complexing agents;
- in construction to slow down the hardening of concrete and other building mixtures, improve the plasticity of the compositions;
- in the oil industry for cementing, protecting drilling rigs from corrosion and excessive pressure, and loss of moisture;
- in the production of aluminum and steel in the metallurgical industry;
- as a complexing agent and flavor enhancer in the food industry under code E576 .
Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
Calcium gluconate - what is it?
Calcium gluconate is a mineral supplement that is used to treat conditions caused by calcium deficiency in the body. The calcium content in the preparation is 9%. The INN (Calcium gluconate) was assigned to the active substance based on data from the European Pharmacopoeia (Ph.Eur.).
the myocardium cannot function normally , contraction of smooth and skeletal muscles, and blood clotting processes; Without them, bone tissue cannot form normally, and other organs and systems cannot function.
The gross formula of calcium gluconate is C12H22CaO14.
Pharmacodynamics
In many diseases, the concentration of Ca ions in the blood decreases; at the same time, severe calcium deficiency contributes to the development of tetany. The drug not only prevents the occurrence of hypocalcemia , but also reduces the permeability of vascular walls, relieves inflammation, has an antiallergic and hemostatic effect , and reduces exudation.
Ca ions are a plastic material for teeth and skeleton; many enzymatic processes occur with their participation; they are responsible for regulating the permeability of cell membranes and the speed of transmission of nerve impulses.
They are needed for the process of neuromuscular transmission and maintaining the contractile function of the heart muscle. If we compare calcium gluconate with calcium chloride, the latter has a more pronounced local irritating effect.
Pharmacokinetics
When taken orally, the substance is partially absorbed, mainly in the small intestine. TCmax - 1.2-1.3 hours. T1/2 of ionized Ca from blood plasma - from 6.8 to 7.2 hours. Penetrates into breast milk and through the placental barrier. It is excreted from the body mainly by the kidneys, but also with the contents of the intestines.
Using the drug for allergies
If allergic reactions occur, calcium gluconate is a safe and effective remedy, the use of which practically cannot lead to an overdose. When the drug enters the body, the permeability of the vascular wall decreases and the allergen practically does not penetrate into the bloodstream. Thus, the development of an allergic reaction is inhibited. Calcium gluconate can be taken for preventive purposes.
The duration of the course depends on the characteristics of the disease. Calcium gluconate is prescribed by specialists together with antihistamines.
Indications for use of Calcium gluconate
What is Calcium Gluconate tablets for?
Tablets are recommended for conditions accompanied by hypocalcemia, increased permeability of cell membranes, and disturbances in the conduction of nerve impulses in muscle tissue.
Doctors answer the question “what is calcium gluconate used for?” answer that the use of the drug is advisable for:
- hypoparathyroidism ( osteoporosis , latent tetany);
- vitamin D metabolism ( spasmophilia , rickets , osteomalacia );
- hyperphosphatemia in patients with chronic renal failure;
- increased need for Ca ( pregnancy , breastfeeding , periods of intensive growth in children/adolescents);
- insufficient Ca content in the diet;
- bone fractures;
- Ca metabolism disorders in the postmenopausal period;
- conditions that are accompanied by increased excretion of Ca (chronic diarrhea , prolonged bed rest; long-term treatment with diuretics , corticosteroids or antiepileptic drugs );
- poisoning with oxalic acid, Mg salts, soluble salts of fluoric acid (the advisability of using the product as an antidote is due to the fact that, interacting with these substances, Ca gluconate forms non-toxic Ca oxalate and Ca fluoride).
As an addition to the main treatment, calcium gluconate tablets are used as an allergy remedy for itchy dermatoses , febrile syndrome , urticaria , serum sickness , angioedema ; for bleeding of various origins, nutritional dystrophy , bronchial asthma , pulmonary tuberculosis , hepatitis , eclampsia , nephritis , toxic liver damage .
Why are calcium gluconate injections used?
Calcium gluconate in ampoules is prescribed for certain pathologies of the parathyroid glands , conditions that are accompanied by increased excretion of Ca from the body, as an adjuvant for allergies , as well as for allergic complications of treatment with other drugs, to reduce vascular permeability in various types of pathological processes, for nephritis , eclampsia , liver intoxication , hyperkalemia , parenchymal hepatitis , hyperkalemic form of periodic paralysis ( paroxysmal myoplegia ), as a hemostatic agent.
Indications (intravenously/intramuscularly) for administration of the drug are also poisoning with soluble salts of fluoric acid, oxalic acid or Mg salts, for skin diseases ( psoriasis, itching, eczema ).
In some cases, Calcium gluconate is used during autohemotherapy . This method of treatment has proven itself well for skin diseases, furunculosis , recurrent colds , diabetes , rheumatism , allergies , and during the recovery period after serious illnesses.
10 ml of calcium gluconate solution is injected into the patient's vein, and then blood is immediately taken from the vein and transferred back in the form of a subcutaneous injection or injection into the gluteal muscle.
What is a hot shot?
Injections of the drug are also known as “hot injections of calcium gluconate.” In fact, the solution is administered heated only to body temperature.
A hot injection is called a hot injection because of the subjective sensations that arise in the patient: after the injection, there is usually a feeling of warmth spreading throughout the body, and sometimes a fairly strong burning sensation.
Calcium gluconate for allergies
Doctors have proven that one of the causes of allergies may be a severe calcium deficiency in the body. It is with Ca deficiency that most allergic reactions in children are associated: the child’s body grows very rapidly, and as a result, the Ca content in all its tissues decreases.
In addition, factors that contribute to the formation of Ca deficiency are excess vitamin D in the body and teething.
, calcium gluconate is often used as one of the methods for preventing and treating allergies
With sufficient calcium intake into the body, the permeability of the vascular walls decreases, and the penetration of allergens into the systemic bloodstream becomes more difficult. This means that an increase in Ca concentration is accompanied by a decrease in the likelihood of an acute immune reaction.
Calcium gluconate is used in combination with antihistamines . The drug is prescribed, among other things, to eliminate side effects caused by taking other medications.
Studies have shown that, as a source of calcium alone for the body, the calcium salt of gluconic acid is the least active, however, calcium gluconate is best suited allergic diseases
The tablets are taken orally before meals. The dose depends on the characteristics of the disease and the age of the patient.
In addition, in some cases, the patient may be prescribed intravenous administration of the solution. allergies , calcium gluconate is not recommended to be administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously (especially to children).
The course of treatment for allergies usually lasts from 7 to 14 days.
Calcium gluconate for allergies (reviews are eloquent confirmation of this) is a time-tested and quite effective remedy, which, on top of everything, is almost impossible to overdose on.
Maximum absorption of calcium is ensured with the participation of vitamin D , amino acids (in particular L-arginine and lysine) and Ca-binding protein.
When is the drug prescribed?
Experts recommend using this drug for:
- osteoporosis;
- rickets and osteomalacia - conditions in which vitamin D metabolism is impaired;
- increased levels of phosphates in the blood in patients with renal failure;
- presence of high calcium needs: during pregnancy and lactation;
- poor diet;
- bone fractures;
- postmenopausal calcium deficiency;
- chronic diarrhea.
In addition, the drug as a component of complex therapy is used in dermatovenerology for the treatment of itchy dermatoses, urticaria, and angioedema. It is also used for the treatment of bleeding of various etiologies and nutritional dystrophy.
Contraindications
Contraindications to the use of solution and tablets:
- intolerance to the components of the drug;
- severe hypercalciuria ;
- tendency to thrombosis;
- hypercoagulability;
- severe atherosclerosis ;
- calcium nephrourolithiasis;
- increased blood clotting;
- sarcoidosis;
- severe renal failure;
- period of treatment with cardiac glycosides (for example, digitalis preparations).
For whom the drug is contraindicated
The drug is not used in patients with:
- intolerance to any of the components;
- increased calcium levels in the blood;
- tendency to form blood clots;
- sarcoidosis;
- severe atherosclerosis;
- urolithiasis with the formation of calcium stones.
Calcium gluconate is also not prescribed to patients taking cardiac glycosides.
Side effects
The drug is usually well tolerated, but in some cases the following disorders are possible:
- bradycardia;
- hypercalciuria , hypercalcemia ;
- nausea, vomiting, stool disorders ( constipation /diarrhea), epigastric pain;
- formation of calcium stones in the intestines (with long-term use of high doses of the drug);
- impaired renal function ( swelling of the lower extremities, frequent urination);
- hypersensitivity reactions.
bradycardia , diarrhea, a feeling of heat in the mouth and then throughout the body, and changes in the skin may sometimes be observed These reactions pass quite quickly and do not require special treatment.
sweating , vomiting, arterial hypotension , and collapse (in some situations, lethal) may occur The result of extravasal penetration of the solution can be calcification of soft tissues.
In very rare cases, allergic and anaphylactic reactions .
When calcium gluconate is administered intramuscularly, local irritation and tissue necrosis .
Instructions for use of Calcium gluconate
Calcium gluconate tablets, instructions for use
The tablets are taken before meals, after crushing or chewing.
A single dose for patients over 14 years of age is from 1 to 3 g (2-6 tablets for each dose). Patients 3-14 years old are given 2-4 tablets. 2-3 rubles/day.
Treatment lasts from 10 days to 1 month. The duration of the course is determined by the attending physician individually depending on the patient’s condition.
The permissible upper limit of the daily dose for elderly patients is 4 tablets. (2 g).
Ampoules Calcium gluconate, instructions for use
Calcium gluconate is administered intravenously or intramuscularly.
For patients over 14 years of age, injections are given once a day. A single dose is from 5 to 10 ml of solution. Depending on the patient’s condition, injections can be given daily, every other day or once every two days.
For children from birth to 14 years of age, the dose of 10% calcium gluconate solution intravenously varies from 0.1 to 5 ml.
Before administration, the drug should be warmed to body temperature. The medicine should be administered slowly - over 2-3 minutes.
To administer less than one milliliter of solution, it is recommended to dilute a single dose to the required volume (syringe volume) with a 5% glucose solution or 0.9% NaCl solution.
Doses
The daily or monthly dosage of the drug is selected individually for each patient. Only an experienced doctor can correctly determine the required amount of solution, so it is not recommended to self-medicate. The dosage of the solution depends on the following parameters:
- degree of danger of the disease;
- patient's gender;
- age;
- body mass;
- stage of disease development.
Most often, doctors prescribe 5 to 10 ml of solution for adults and 1-5 ml for children. In both cases, only 1 injection per day is allowed. If gluconate is used to maintain Ca levels in the blood, then the frequency of injections is once every 2 or 3 days.
Overdose
With long-term treatment with high doses of calcium gluconate, the risk of developing hypercalcemia with the deposition of Ca salts in the body increases. The likelihood of hypercalcemia increases with the simultaneous use of high doses of vitamin D or its derivatives.
Hypercalcemia manifests itself:
- anorexia;
- constipation;
- nausea/vomiting;
- irritability;
- increased fatigue;
- polyuria;
- abdominal pain;
- polydipsia;
- muscle weakness;
- arterial hypertension;
- arthralgia;
- mental disorders;
- kidney stones;
- nephrocalcinosis.
In severe cases, coma and cardiac arrhythmia .
To eliminate the symptoms of overdose, the drug should be discontinued. In severe cases, the patient is prescribed intravenous calcitonin at a rate of 5-10 MO/kg/day. The product is diluted in 0.5 liters of 0.9% NaCl solution and administered dropwise over six hours. Slow drip administration of the antidote 2-4 times a day is also allowed.
Description of pharmacological action
Potassium is also involved in the process of conducting nerve impulses and transmitting them to innervated organs; in the contraction of skeletal muscles, the processes of glycogenesis (glucose formation) and glycolysis (glucose breakdown) in the liver, the synthesis of proteins, phospholipids, and the maintenance of intracellular osmotic pressure. Potassium reduces the excitability and conductivity of the myocardium, and in large doses inhibits the automatism and contractility of the myocardium up to cardiac arrest. A decrease in potassium content in the blood increases the risk of developing arrhythmias. The flow of metabolic processes in the cell is ensured by a kind of “pump” consisting of the interaction of potassium and sodium ions. If this mechanism is disrupted, then metabolic processes in cells, as well as intercellular exchange, are disrupted. Potassium promotes dehydration, helping to eliminate swelling. Competing with sodium ion in the body, it performs an anti-sclerotic function, preventing its accumulation in the walls of blood vessels.
Interaction
A drug:
- slows down the absorption of etidronate , estramustine , bisphosphonates , tetracycline antibiotics , quinolones , fluoride and iron preparations for oral administration (an interval of at least 3 hours should be maintained between their doses).
- reduces the bioavailability of phenytoin ;
- enhances the cardiotoxicity of cardiac glycosides ;
- in patients with hypercalcemia , it reduces the effectiveness of calcitonin ;
- reduces the effects of calcium channel blockers;
- increases the toxicity of quinidine .
In combination with quinidine, it provokes a slowdown in intraventricular conduction; in combination with thiazide diuretics hypercalcemia increases . Vitamin D and its derivatives help increase calcium absorption. Cholestyramine reduces Ca absorption in the gastrointestinal tract.
Forms insoluble or slightly soluble Ca salts with salicylates, carbonates, and sulfates.
Certain foods (for example, rhubarb, bran, spinach, cereals) can reduce the absorption of Ca from the digestive tract.
Not compatible with the solution:
- carbonates;
- sulfates;
- salicylates;
- ethanol.
special instructions
Due to the possibility of developing necrosis, calcium gluconate should be administered exclusively intravenously to children under 14 years of age.
Before filling the syringe, ensure that there is no residual alcohol in it (a sediment may form).
Treatment of patients with of urolithiasis , reduced glomerular filtration rate or mild hypercalciuria should be carried out under the control of Ca2+ levels in the urine. To reduce the risk of developing urolithiasis, it is recommended to drink enough fluids.
“Pharaoh's snake” from calcium gluconate
Calcium gluconate tablets are often used by enthusiastic chemists to produce “pharaoh’s snake,” a porous product that is formed from a small amount of reacting substances.
The tablet is placed on dry fuel, and then the fuel is set on fire. A light gray “snake” with white spots begins to crawl out of the tablet. Moreover, the volume of the “pharaoh snake” significantly exceeds the volume of the original substance: for example, in some experiments, snakes 10-15 cm long were obtained from 1 tablet.
During the decomposition of calcium gluconate, Ca oxide, carbon dioxide, carbon and water are formed. The characteristic shade of the resulting snake is given by Ca oxide. The only drawback of such a “pharaoh snake” is its fragility; it crumbles very easily.
Analogs
Level 4 ATC code matches:
Calcium Sandoz Forte
Calcium glycerophosphate
Calcium gluconate-Vial , LekT , B. Brown ; Additive calcium , Hydroxyapatite , Glycerophosphate granules , Calcium lactate , CalViv , Calcium pangamate , Calcium-Sandoz .
Calcium gluconate for children
Why is calcium gluconate prescribed to children?
In the articles, Dr. Komarovsky notes that the most common indications for the use of the drug in pediatrics are conditions caused by insufficient intake of calcium into the body from food, as well as conditions caused by impaired absorption of calcium in the intestine.
Hypovitaminosis D to the development of hypocalcemia , along with a reduced content of Ca in food . In addition, certain diseases of the parathyroid glands and thyroid gland hypocalcemia .
In addition to these diseases and rickets , indications for prescribing Ca drugs for children are allergic diseases (acute or chronic), skin diseases, pathologies manifested by blood clotting disorders, physiological conditions that are accompanied by an increase in the child’s body’s need for Ca (periods of active growth).
How to take Calcium Gluconate correctly?
For children, Komarovsky recommends dosing calcium gluconate depending on age. In the first 12 months of a child’s life, the standards for daily Ca intake range from 0.21 to 0.27 g. Children under 3 years of age require 0.5 g of Ca per day, children 4-8 years old - 0.8 g, children over eight years of age - 1-1.3 g.
As a rule, children get Ca from dairy products, greens, fruits, vegetables and nuts.
Children under 12 months are given 3 tablets per day (1.5 g), children under 4 years old - 6 tablets per day (3 g), children under 9 years old - depending on the severity of calcium deficiency and the characteristics of the clinical situation - 6-12 tablets. day (3-6 g), children under 14 years old - 12-18 per day (6-9 g).
The daily dose is divided into 2-4 doses.
The drug is usually administered intravenously to children as an emergency treatment: for bleeding, convulsions, acute allergic reactions.
The solution is not administered subcutaneously or intramuscularly to children. Medicine can only be injected into the muscle in adult patients!
Best before date
24 months
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The description of vitamin Potassium Gluconate is intended for informational purposes only. Before starting to use any drug, it is recommended to consult a doctor and read the instructions for use. For more complete information, please refer to the manufacturer's instructions. Do not self-medicate; EUROLAB is not responsible for the consequences caused by the use of information posted on the portal. Any information on the project does not replace consultation with a specialist and cannot be a guarantee of the positive effect of the drug you use. The opinions of EUROLAB portal users may not coincide with the opinions of the site Administration.
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Reviews of Calcium gluconate
The most common reviews of the drug Calcium Gluconate are reviews for allergies . The drug is prescribed to both adults and very young children. At the same time, most people consider it a worthy alternative to more expensive and advertised medications.
To compensate for calcium deficiency, tablets are usually prescribed, but in some situations the drug is administered intravenously or into a muscle.
Reviews of calcium gluconate injections intramuscularly suggest that the procedure is quite painful. Moreover, unpleasant sensations usually occur not during the injection, but after it.
Reviews about calcium gluconate intramuscularly indicate that intravenous injections are tolerated somewhat easier than injections into the muscle. However, it should be remembered that the injection is “hot”, and after it you should not stand up suddenly.
Despite the pain of injections, the drug helps well with allergies , pityriasis rosea , heavy periods, persistent sore throat , herpes and a number of other pathologies. In pregnant women, after treatment with calcium gluconate, leg cramps are significantly reduced, nails and teeth are strengthened.
However, you should not forget that the product is a medical drug, so only a doctor can recommend treatment for it.
Calcium gluconate price
The price of Calcium gluconate tablets in Russian pharmacies is from 3.5 rubles. for 10 pieces. The cost of package No. 30 is 40-45 rubles. In Ukraine you can buy 10 tablets from 3.85 UAH.
A 10% solution in Ukrainian pharmacies costs from 17 UAH (5 ml ampoules, No. 10). The price of an ampoule of 5 ml (No. 1) is 1.8 UAH. In Russia, the price of Calcium gluconate injections is from 118 rubles.
- Online pharmacies in RussiaRussia
- Online pharmacies in UkraineUkraine
- Online pharmacies in KazakhstanKazakhstan
ZdravCity
- Calcium gluconate tab.
500 mg 20pcs JSC Tatkhimfarmpreparaty 23 RUR order - Calcium gluconate tablets 500 mg 20 pcs Pharmstandard-Leksredstva OJSC
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- Calcium gluconate tablets 500 mg 30 pcs. AO Update PFK
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- Calcium gluconate-Vial solution IV and IM injection. 100mg/ml amp. 10ml No. 10North Chinese Pharm.Corporation Ltd.
123 RUR order
- Calcium gluconate Square-S tab. 0.53g 10 pcs. Kvadrat-S LLC
20 rub. order
Pharmacy Dialogue
- Calcium gluconate (table 500 mg No. 30)Update of PFC JSC
48 RUR order
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102 RUR order
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- Calcium Gluconate tablets 500 mg No. 10 Square C
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- Calcium gluconate (table 500 mg No. 40)Update of PFC JSC
60 rub. order
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Pharmacy24
- Calcium gluconate 10% 5 ml No. 10 solution PAT "Farmak", Ukraine
28 UAH. order - Calcium gluconate-Darnitsa 10% 5 ml No. 10 injection solution PrAT” Pharmaceutical company “Darnitsa”, Ukraine
29 UAH order
- Calcium gluconate 0.5 No. 10 tablets PAT "Kiivmedpreparat", Ukraine/PAT "Galichfarm", Ukraine
6 UAH order
- Calcium gluconate 0.5 N10 tablets PAT "Lubnipharm", Ukraine
2 UAH order
- Calcium gluconate 10% 10 ml No. 10 solution PAT "Farmak", Ukraine
45 UAH order
PaniPharmacy
- Calcium gluconate stabil. solution d/in. 10% amp. 5ml No. 10 Ukraine, Darnitsa
34 UAH order
- Calcium gluconate solution d/in. 10% amp. 5ml No. 10 Ukraine, Darnitsa ChAO
15 UAH order
- Calcium gluconate tab. 0.5g No. 10 Ukraine , Health
4 UAH order
- Calcium gluconate tab. 0.5g No. 10 Ukraine, Lubnyfarm
3 UAH order
- Calcium gluconate stabilized. solution d/in. 100mg/1ml 5 ml No. 10 Ukraine, Farmak OJSC
23 UAH order
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